iftop/iftop.c

/*
 * iftop.c:
 *
 */

#include <pcap.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/if.h>

#include <pthread.h>
#include <curses.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "iftop.h"
#include "addr_hash.h"
#include "resolver.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "options.h"
#ifdef DLT_LINUX_SLL
#include "sll.h"
#endif /* DLT_LINUX_SLL */
#include "threadprof.h"
#include "ether.h"
#include "ip.h"
#include "tcp.h"
#include "token.h"
#include "llc.h"
#include "extract.h"
#include "ethertype.h"


unsigned char if_hw_addr[6];    /* ethernet address of interface. */

extern options_t options;

hash_type* history;
history_type history_totals;
time_t last_timestamp;
int history_pos = 0;
int history_len = 1;
pthread_mutex_t tick_mutex;

pcap_t* pd; /* pcap descriptor */
struct bpf_program pcap_filter;
pcap_handler packet_handler;

sig_atomic_t foad;

static void finish(int sig) {
    foad = sig;
}




/* Only need ethernet and IP headers (48) + first 2 bytes of tcp/udp header */
#define CAPTURE_LENGTH 68

void init_history() {
    history = addr_hash_create();
    last_timestamp = time(NULL);
    memset(&history_totals, 0, sizeof history_totals);
}

history_type* history_create() {
    history_type* h;
    h = xcalloc(1, sizeof *h);
    return h;
}

void history_rotate() {
    hash_node_type* n = NULL;
    history_pos = (history_pos + 1) % HISTORY_LENGTH;
    hash_next_item(history, &n);
    while(n != NULL) {
        hash_node_type* next = n;
        history_type* d = (history_type*)n->rec;
        hash_next_item(history, &next);

        if(d->last_write == history_pos) {
            addr_pair key = *(addr_pair*)(n->key);
            hash_delete(history, &key);
            free(d);
        }
        else {
            d->recv[history_pos] = 0;
            d->sent[history_pos] = 0;
        }
        n = next; 
    }

    history_totals.sent[history_pos] = 0;
    history_totals.recv[history_pos] = 0;

    if(history_len < HISTORY_LENGTH) {
        history_len++;
    }
}


void tick(int print) {
    time_t t;

    pthread_mutex_lock(&tick_mutex);
   
    t = time(NULL);
    if(t - last_timestamp >= RESOLUTION) {
        //printf("TICKING\n");
        analyse_data();
        ui_print();
        history_rotate();
        last_timestamp = t;
    }
    else {
      ui_tick(print);
    }

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&tick_mutex);
}

int in_filter_net(struct in_addr addr) {
    int ret;
    ret = ((addr.s_addr & options.netfiltermask.s_addr) == options.netfilternet.s_addr);
    return ret;
}

/**
 * Creates an addr_pair from an ip (and tcp/udp) header, swapping src and dst
 * if required
 */
void assign_addr_pair(addr_pair* ap, struct ip* iptr, int flip) {
  unsigned short int src_port = 0;
  unsigned short int dst_port = 0;

  /* Does this protocol use ports? */
  if(iptr->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP || iptr->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) {
    /* We take a slight liberty here by treating UDP the same as TCP */

    /* Find the TCP/UDP header */
    struct tcphdr* thdr = ((void*)iptr) + IP_HL(iptr) * 4;
    src_port = ntohs(thdr->th_sport);
    dst_port = ntohs(thdr->th_dport);
  }

  if(flip == 0) {
    ap->src = iptr->ip_src;
    ap->src_port = src_port;
    ap->dst = iptr->ip_dst;
    ap->dst_port = dst_port;
  }
  else {
    ap->src = iptr->ip_dst;
    ap->src_port = dst_port;
    ap->dst = iptr->ip_src;
    ap->dst_port = src_port;
  }

}

static void handle_ip_packet(struct ip* iptr, int hw_dir)
{
    int direction = 0; /* incoming */
    history_type* ht;
    addr_pair ap;
    int len;

    if(options.netfilter == 0) { 
        /*
         * Net filter is off, so assign direction based on MAC address
         */
        if(hw_dir == 1) {
            /* Packet leaving this interface. */
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 0);
            direction = 1;
        }
        else if(hw_dir == 0) {
            /* Packet incoming */
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 1);
            direction = 0;
        }

        /*
         * This packet is not from or to this interface, or the h/ware 
         * layer did not give the direction away.  Therefore assume
         * it was picked up in promisc mode, and account it as incoming.
         */
        else if(iptr->ip_src.s_addr < iptr->ip_dst.s_addr) {
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 1);
            direction = 0;
        }
        else {
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 0);
            direction = 0;
        }
    }
    else {
        /* 
         * Net filter on, assign direction according to netmask 
         */ 
        if(in_filter_net(iptr->ip_src) && !in_filter_net(iptr->ip_dst)) {
            /* out of network */
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 0);
            direction = 1;
        }
        else if(in_filter_net(iptr->ip_dst) && !in_filter_net(iptr->ip_src)) {
            /* into network */
            assign_addr_pair(&ap, iptr, 1);
            direction = 0;
        }
        else {
            /* drop packet */
            return ;
        }
    }

    ap.protocol = iptr->ip_p;

    /* Add the addresses to be resolved */
    resolve(&iptr->ip_dst, NULL, 0);
    resolve(&iptr->ip_src, NULL, 0);

    if(hash_find(history, &ap, (void**)&ht) == HASH_STATUS_KEY_NOT_FOUND) {
        ht = history_create();
        hash_insert(history, &ap, ht);
    }

    len = ntohs(iptr->ip_len);

    /* Update record */
    ht->last_write = history_pos;
    if(iptr->ip_src.s_addr == ap.src.s_addr) {
        ht->sent[history_pos] += len;
        ht->total_sent += len;
    }
    else {
        ht->recv[history_pos] += len;
        ht->total_recv += len;
    }

    if(direction == 0) {
        /* incoming */
        history_totals.recv[history_pos] += len;
        history_totals.total_recv += len;
    }
    else {
        history_totals.sent[history_pos] += len;
        history_totals.total_sent += len;
    }
    
}

static void handle_raw_packet(unsigned char* args, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const unsigned char* packet)
{
    handle_ip_packet((struct ip*)packet, -1);
}

static void handle_llc_packet(const struct llc* llc, int dir) {

    struct ip* ip = (struct ip*)((void*)llc + sizeof(struct llc));

    /* Taken from tcpdump/print-llc.c */
    if(llc->ssap == LLCSAP_SNAP && llc->dsap == LLCSAP_SNAP
       && llc->llcui == LLC_UI) {
        u_int32_t orgcode;
        register u_short et;
        orgcode = EXTRACT_24BITS(&llc->llc_orgcode[0]);
        et = EXTRACT_16BITS(&llc->llc_ethertype[0]);
        switch(orgcode) {
          case OUI_ENCAP_ETHER:
          case OUI_CISCO_90:
            handle_ip_packet(ip, dir);
            break;
          case OUI_APPLETALK:
            if(et == ETHERTYPE_ATALK) {
              handle_ip_packet(ip, dir);
            }
            break;
          default:
            /* Not a lot we can do */
        }
    }
}

static void handle_tokenring_packet(unsigned char* args, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const unsigned char* packet)
{
    struct token_header *trp;
    int dir = -1;
    trp = (struct token_header *)packet;

    if(IS_SOURCE_ROUTED(trp)) {
      packet += RIF_LENGTH(trp);
    }
    packet += TOKEN_HDRLEN;

    if(memcmp(trp->token_shost, if_hw_addr, 6) == 0 ) {
      /* packet leaving this i/f */
      dir = 1;
    } 
        else if(memcmp(trp->token_dhost, if_hw_addr, 6) == 0 || memcmp("\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF", trp->token_dhost, 6) == 0) {
      /* packet entering this i/f */
      dir = 0;
    }

    /* Only know how to deal with LLC encapsulated packets */
    if(FRAME_TYPE(trp) == TOKEN_FC_LLC) {
      handle_llc_packet((struct llc*)packet, dir);
    }
}

#ifdef DLT_LINUX_SLL
static void handle_cooked_packet(unsigned char *args, const struct pcap_pkthdr * thdr, const unsigned char * packet)
{
    struct sll_header *sptr;
    int dir = -1;
    sptr = (struct sll_header *) packet;

    switch (ntohs(sptr->sll_pkttype))
    {
    case LINUX_SLL_HOST:
        /*entering this interface*/
	dir = 0;
	break;
    case LINUX_SLL_OUTGOING:
	/*leaving this interface */
	dir=1;
	break;
    }
    handle_ip_packet((struct ip*)(packet+SLL_HDR_LEN), dir);
}
#endif /* DLT_LINUX_SLL */

static void handle_eth_packet(unsigned char* args, const struct pcap_pkthdr* pkthdr, const unsigned char* packet)
{
    struct ether_header *eptr;
    eptr = (struct ether_header*)packet;
       
    tick(0);
    
    if(ntohs(eptr->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_IP) {
        struct ip* iptr;
        int dir = -1;
        
        /*
         * Is a direction implied by the MAC addresses?
         */
        if(memcmp(eptr->ether_shost, if_hw_addr, 6) == 0 ) {
            /* packet leaving this i/f */
            dir = 1;
        } 
        else if(memcmp(eptr->ether_dhost, if_hw_addr, 6) == 0 || memcmp("\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF", eptr->ether_dhost, 6) == 0) {
            /* packet entering this i/f */
            dir = 0;
        }

        iptr = (struct ip*)(packet + sizeof(struct ether_header) ); /* alignment? */
        handle_ip_packet(iptr, dir);
    }
}


/* set_filter_code:
 * Install some filter code. Returns NULL on success or an error message on
 * failure. */
char *set_filter_code(const char *filter) {
    char *x;
    if (filter) {
        x = xmalloc(strlen(filter) + sizeof "() and ip");
        sprintf(x, "(%s) and ip", filter);
    } else
        x = xstrdup("ip");
    if (pcap_compile(pd, &pcap_filter, x, 1, 0) == -1) {
        xfree(x);
        return pcap_geterr(pd);
    }
    xfree(x);
    if (pcap_setfilter(pd, &pcap_filter) == -1)
        return pcap_geterr(pd);
    else
        return NULL;
}



/*
 * packet_init:
 *
 * performs pcap initialisation, called before ui is initialised
 */
void packet_init() {
    char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
    char *m;
    int s;
    struct ifreq ifr = {};
    int dlt;

    /* First, get the address of the interface. If it isn't an ethernet
     * interface whose address we can obtain, there's not a lot we can do. */
    s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); /* any sort of IP socket will do */
    if (s == -1) {
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }
    strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, options.interface, IFNAMSIZ);
    ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error getting hardware address for interface: %s\n", options.interface); 
        perror("ioctl(SIOCGIFHWADDR)");
        exit(1);
    }
    close(s);
    memcpy(if_hw_addr, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 6);
    fprintf(stderr, "MAC address is:");
    for (s = 0; s < 6; ++s)
        fprintf(stderr, "%c%02x", s ? ':' : ' ', (unsigned int)if_hw_addr[s]);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
    
    resolver_initialise();

    pd = pcap_open_live(options.interface, CAPTURE_LENGTH, options.promiscuous, 1000, errbuf);
    // DEBUG: pd = pcap_open_offline("tcpdump.out", errbuf);
    if(pd == NULL) { 
        fprintf(stderr, "pcap_open_live(%s): %s\n", options.interface, errbuf); 
        exit(1);
    }
    dlt = pcap_datalink(pd);
    if(dlt == DLT_EN10MB) {
        packet_handler = handle_eth_packet;
    }
    else if(dlt == DLT_RAW) {
        packet_handler = handle_raw_packet;
    } 
    else if(dlt == DLT_IEEE802) {
        packet_handler = handle_tokenring_packet;
    }
/* 
 * SLL support not available in older libpcaps
 */
#ifdef DLT_LINUX_SLL
    else if(dlt == DLT_LINUX_SLL) {
      packet_handler = handle_cooked_packet;
    }
#endif
    else {
        fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported datalink type: %d\n"
                "Please email pdw@ex-parrot.com, quoting the datalink type and what you were\n"
                "trying to do at the time\n.", dlt);
        exit(1);
    }

    if ((m = set_filter_code(options.filtercode))) {
        fprintf(stderr, "set_filter_code: %s\n", m);
        exit(1);
        return;
    }
}

/* packet_loop:
 * Worker function for packet capture thread. */
void packet_loop(void* ptr) {
    pcap_loop(pd,0,(pcap_handler)packet_handler,NULL);
}


/* main:
 * Entry point. See usage(). */
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    pthread_t thread;
    struct sigaction sa = {};

    options_read(argc, argv);
    
    sa.sa_handler = finish;
    sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);

    pthread_mutex_init(&tick_mutex, NULL);

    packet_init();

    init_history();

    ui_init();

    pthread_create(&thread, NULL, (void*)&packet_loop, NULL);

    ui_loop();

    pthread_cancel(thread);

    ui_finish();
    
    return 0;
}